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| 1852 |
| | | After the establishment of the Royal Botanical Gardens, a library and
herbarium is opened at Hunter’s House on north-west side of Kew Green. | |
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| 1858 |
| | | The first block of a new building for the Public Record Office is completed in Chancery Lane, City of London, with further extensions added 1868-1899 | |
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| 1859 |
| | | After a six-year campaign by Sir William Hooker, the government allocates £10,000 for a new conservatory - the Temperate House - to be built to designs by Decimus Burton. | |
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| 1860-1863 |
| | | Work starts on the Temperate House (after the contractor William Cubitt has altered Burton's designs) and the main block and the octagons are completed by 1863. The government then halts the project because of severe cost overruns. | |
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| 1863 |
| | | After more than a century of growing citrus fruits and other plants, the Orangery is turned into a museum. | |
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| 1868-9 |
| | | Kew Gardens station is built, as a two-storey building in the style of a domestic Victorian villa | |
|  | Kew Gardens Station
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| 1869 January 1 |
| | | The first train arrives at Kew Gardens Station, on a line used both by L&SWR and the North London Line | |
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| 1873 |
| | | The Joint Committee of the Corporation of London and the Metropolitan Board of Works buy Kew bridge for £53,000 and on the eighth of February tolls are abolished | |
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| 1879 |
| | | Marianne North commissions her friend James Fergusson to design a gallery to be built in Kew Gardens for the pictures of flowers and plants that she has painted on extensive travels around the world. | |
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| 1883-1884 |
| | | After the gallery is built in Kew Gardens at her expense, Marianne North continues to travel and paint, eventually filling it with 832 pictures. She dies in 1890. | |
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